Effect of prey abundance and size on the distribution of demersal fishes

نویسندگان

  • Andrew F. Johnson
  • Maria Valls
  • Joan Moranta
  • Stuart R. Jenkins
  • Jan G. Hiddink
  • Hilmar Hinz
چکیده

Many demersal fish species rely on benthic prey as food sources for part of, or in some cases, all of their life history. We investigated the relationships between prey and predator abundance and prey size and predator mouth gape size for nine demersal fish species. Of the species analysed, four showed a significant positive increase in abundance with increasing prey abundance. Prey size is thought to be an important parameter for demersal fish that are limited in their feeding potential by their mouth gape size, as it influences consumption rate and energy expenditure while foraging. The relationship between prey size and mouth gape was investigated using both stomach content data and prey availability data. Stomach content analysis revealed positive relationships between maximum prey size and predator mouth gape size for six of the species. Indications of prey size selectivity were only seen in the environment for European hake (Merluccius merluccius), highlighting the potential importance of prey size over prey abundance for this species. The results demonstrate that prey abundance and size are of significance for some demersal fish species feeding primarily on benthos and will help in defining habitat requirements of demersal fish species. Résumé : Plusieurs poissons démersaux comptent sur les proies benthiques comme sources de nourriture durant une partie et, en certains cas, l’ensemble de leur cycle biologique. Nous étudions la relation entre l’abondance des proies et des prédateurs, ainsi qu’entre la taille des proies et l’ouverture de la bouche des prédateurs, chez neuf espèces de poissons démersaux. Parmi les espèces analysées, quatre montrent une augmentation positive d’abondance en fonction de l’augmentation de l’abondance des proies. On croit que la taille des proies est une variable importante chez les poissons démersaux dont le potentiel alimentaire est limité par la taille de l’ouverture de leur bouche, puisqu’elle va influencer le taux de consommation et la dépense d’énergie durant la recherche de nourriture. Nous examinons la relation entre la taille des proies et l’ouverture de la bouche en utilisant à la fois des données sur les contenus stomacaux et des données de disponibilité des proies. L’analyse des contenus stomacaux montre une relation positive entre la taille maximale des proies et l’ouverture de la bouche chez six des espèces. Nous n’observons d’indications de sélection des proies en fonction de la taille dans le milieu que chez le merlu (Merluccius merluccius), ce qui souligne le rôle plus grand de la taille que de l’abondance des proies chez cette espèce. Nos résultats démontrent que l’abondance et la taille des proies sont d’importance pour certains poissons démersaux qui se nourrissent principalement de benthos et qu’elles pourront servir à définir les besoins d’habitat des espèces de poissons démer-

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تاریخ انتشار 2012